The saree often referred to as the “nine yards of elegance” is an essential Indian garment that epitomizes its culture together with being elegant and graceful. This is a timeless piece of clothing spanning a history of hundreds of years reflecting the rich tapestry of Indian civilization and cultural diversity that it imbibed.
Saree has ancient origins which can be dated back to Indus valley civilization at around 2800 to 1800 BCE.
The Era has evidence of saree in the figurines and sculptures being draped in a similar manner. The word sari has been derived from the Sanskrit word ‘sati’ meaning a strip of cloth and has references also in Rig Veda. Its reference in the oldest of the Vedas emphasizes its importance in Indian civilization.
Over the centuries, the sari has evolved in its style, fabric, and draping methods, influenced by cultural, economic, and political changes. During the Maurya and Gupta periods (circa 322 BCE-550 CE), the sari became more refined, often adorned with intricate embroidery and precious stones. The Mughals introduced luxurious fabrics like silk and brocade, enriching the sari's aesthetic appeal. Saree has a characteristic adaptability and has been ever-changing imbibing the cultural changes of each era at the same time retaining its own qualities.
During the medieval period regional varieties of the saree emerged with the prosperity of different kingdoms .The saree of different regions imbibed the artistry and culture of the region. A number of times it also represented the affluence of a particular region. It is during this period that Banarasi saree, Kanjivaram and Patola sarees developed.
However the evolution of saree did not stop here. The advent of the British in India brought about significant changes in the variety and style of wearing sarees. It incorporated Victorian influences while retaining Indian values .It symbolized national identity and pride in both pre and post independence era. Worn by style icons like Indira Gandhi and Maharani Gayatri devi it became a fashion statement showing both Indianness and Independence.
The sari is more than just a piece of clothing; it is imbued with cultural, social, and emotional significance. It is worn on a variety of occasions, from daily wear to festive celebrations and weddings. Each sari tells a story, reflecting the wearer's identity, social status, and personal taste.
The process of choosing, gifting, and wearing a sari is often steeped in tradition. In many Indian households, saris are passed down through generations, becoming cherished heirlooms. The fabric, color, and design of a sari can also convey specific messages, such as auspiciousness or mourning. These specific messages are also based on cultural and regional values. Even the draping of the saree varies from region to region. The most popular style is The Nivi style from Andhra Pradesh however the Bengali style, Maharashtrian style and Gujarati style are also very popular.
In recent years, the sari has gained international recognition as a symbol of Indian heritage. Fashion designers across the globe have incorporated elements of the sari into their collections, bringing this traditional garment to the global stage. Celebrities and fashion enthusiasts worldwide have embraced the sari, celebrating its elegance and versatility.
The story of the sari is a testament to the enduring appeal of this timeless garment. From its ancient roots to its contemporary interpretations, the sari continues to be a symbol of India's rich cultural heritage and the artistry of its weavers. As it adapts to modern trends while preserving its traditional essence, the sari remains an iconic representation of Indian elegance and grace
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